Topics of ACI FX Global Code Certificate Exam

These core topics listed below are general recommendations for the material that is likely to be used for the examination. However, on any particular delivery of the test, other similar topics could also appear. The guidelines below can update at any time without notice to better represent the contents of the exam and for clarity purposes.

In addition to the topics discussed below, it is anticipated that candidates will be up-to-date with the latest events and market shifts. The updated syllabus effective from July 2019 onwards for the ACI FX Global Code Certificate Exam is listed below in detail of each section and their topics:

1. Introduction to the FX Global Code

At the end of this section, candidates should:

• Understand what the FX Global Code is and how it was developed know and understand:

• To whom the FX Global Code applies
• The six leading principles of the FX Global Code
• What is the ‘Statement of Commitment'
• What type of Market Participants are impacted by the FX Global Code

2. Ethics

At the end of this section, candidates should understand what is expected of them to exercise judgement to act ethically and professionally:

• Understand Principle 1 (Striving for highest ethical standards):

• Know the core expectations for ethical behaviour
• Understand who is responsible for maintaining these standards of behaviour

• Understand Principle 2 (Strive for the highest professional standards):

• Understand what is required to conduct themselves to the highest standards of professionalism

• Understand Principle 3 (Conflict of interest):

• Understand the importance of the disclosure of conflicts of interest
• Know what appropriate arrangements can be made to eliminate conflicts of interest
• Understand potential areas where conflicts of interest may arise

3. Governance

At the end of this section, candidates should: Understand the appropriate governance structures that should be in place to promote and support the principles of the FX Global Code:

• Understand Principle 4 (Oversight and supervision):

• Understand how to provide business strategy and financial soundness to supervise and oversee Market Participants' conduct

• Understand Principle 5 (A culture of ethical and professional conduct):

• Know and understand different types of internal and external methods of conduct supervision

• Understand Principle 6 (Remuneration structures):

• Understand why different mechanisms of promotion and remuneration are used
• Know the factors to be considered to ensure ethical and professional conduct

• Understand Principle 7 (Policies and procedures for improper behaviour):

• Understand the correct procedure for investigating reports of inappropriate behaviour
• Understand the correct procedures for internal escalation and external reporting
• Know where and how to report concerns of inappropriate behaviour
• Understand the importance of effective mechanisms to investigate and respond to reports of inappropriate behaviour

4. Execution

At the end of this section, candidates should: Understand what is expected to execute and negotiate transactions in a fair and transparent manner:

• Understand Principle 8 (Roles and responsibilities):

• Understand the difference between Agent and Principal

• Understand Principle 9 (Order management):

• Understand conduct expectations of Agent role in order handling
• Understand conduct expectations of Principal role in order handling
• Understand conduct expectations of Interdealer Brokers
• Understand expectations of an E-Trading Platform
• Understand what Clients should be made aware of when handling orders
• Understand expectations of Clients
• Understand the role and conduct expected of order handlers

• Understand Principle 10 (Different types of orders):

• Understand the impact of handling orders that may have a sizeable impact on the market
• Understand how to handle a Client order to transact at a fixing rate
• Understand how to handle Stop Loss Orders
• Understand how to fill a Client order correctly
• Understand the expected behaviour when only a partial fill has been completed on an order

• Understand Principle 11 (Pre-Hedging Client orders):

• Evaluate why Pre-Hedging is used by Market Participants
• Know the acceptable manner in which Pre-Hedging may be conducted to prevent market disruption
• Understand the expectations in communicating Pre-Hedging practices to Clients

• Understand Principle 12 (Price discovery):

• Understand the role of quotations
• Understand what is not acceptable behaviour when engaging in the market
• Understand the right of a Market Participant to decline a transaction
• Understand appropriate considerations of market conditions and impact

• Understand Principle 13 (Bilateral understanding):

• Understand how to confirm market reference price parameters and third-party measures

• Understand Principle 14 (Mark Up):

• Know how Mark Up practices should be monitored
• Know how to apply transparency when conducting Client business
• Understand the definition of Mark Up
• Know how to apply fair and appropriate Mark Up to Clients

• Understand Principle 15 (Trade discrepancies):

• Understand the various participant roles to mitigate risks associated with trade discrepancies

• Understand Principle 16 (Name switching):

• Know what is expected when agreeing to undertake name switching
• Understand when name switching is appropriate

• Understand Principle 17 (Last look):

• Understand how Market Participants may handle Clients' trade requests in the context of last look
• Understand the transparency requirements and what disclosures are expected when Market Participants use last look practices
• Understand the definition of last look

• Understand Principle 18 (Algorithmic trading and aggregation):

• Understand what algorithmic trading is
• Understand ongoing expectations on algorithmic and aggregator providers by their Clients
• Understand what aggregated trading is
• Understand what disclosures are expected when conducting either algorithmic or aggregated trading

5. Information Sharing

At the end of this section, candidates should: Understand what is acceptable conduct when using any form of communication in the FX Market:

• Understand Principle 19 (Confidential Information):

• Know how to limit access to and protect Confidential Information
• Understand and identify different types of Confidential Information

• Understand Principle 20 (Disclosure of Confidential Information):

• Know under which circumstances it is acceptable to disclose Confidential Information

• Understand Principle 21 (Communication):

• Understand how to articulate the source of information being communicated
• Understand why communication is important to the reputation of the firm and industry
• Understand why it is important not to share false or misleading information
• Understand expectations when sharing opinions

• Understand Principle 22 (Market Colour):

• Understand what Market Colour is
• Understand how to most ethically communicate Market Colour
• Understand when it is appropriate to share Market Colour

• Understand Principle 23 (Channels of communication):

• Understand what are acceptable modes of communication
• Understand expectations to trace, audit, record and trace communication

6. Risk Management & Compliance

At the end of this section, candidates should: Understand frameworks of risk management and compliance that assist in the prevention of risks associated with engagement in the FX Market:

• Understand Principle 24 (Frameworks):

• Know the common components of the risk management and compliance frameworks

• Understand Principle 25 (Compliance framework):

• Understand the risk types that risk managers are expected to identify

• Understand Principle 26 (Risk management framework):

• Understand the difference between risk limits and monitoring mechanisms
• Understand different types ofrisk management frameworks used in the FX Market

• Understand Principle 27 (Risks related to FX Trading):

• Understand why monitoring is important in risk management
• Understand the risks associated with limited sources of liquidity
• Understand the importance of regular reporting of positions and trading activity
• Understand the importance of reconciliations and reporting of breaches
• Understand the appropriate control measures to ensure proper order and quote submissions

• Understand Principle 28 (Review of effectiveness of risk and compliance frameworks):

• Understand some methods used to effectively review the risk and compliance functions

• Understand Principle 29 (Counterparty Credit Risk):

• Understand what counterparty credit risk is
• Understand record-keeping expectations to mitigate counterparty risks
• Understand options to manage counterparty risks

• Understand Principle 30 (Market Risk management):

• Understand what stress testing is
• Understand the effect of liquidity conditions on market risk

• Understand Principle 31 (Mark-to-market):

• Understand acceptable external resources to obtain prices to calculate mark-tomarket valuations
• Understand what is meant by mark-to-market
• Understand how to source alternative acceptable pricing when reference pricing is not available
• Understand the importance of agreed market opening and closing hours in efficient referencing for mark-to-market evaluation prices

• Understand Principle 32 (Operational Risk):

• Understand what operational risk is
• Understand operational risks related to infrastructure
• Understand operational risks when conducting cross-border trading

• Understand Principle 33 (Business Continuity Plan):

• Understand some types of Business Continuity Plans
• Understand why Business Continuity Plans are important

• Understand Principle 34 (Technology Risks):

• Understand risks associated with reliance on technology and systems
• Understand processes that could be used to mitigate these risks

• New system integration
• E-Trading Platforms
• Third-party electronic venues
• Understand Principle 35 (Settlement Risk):

• Understand what settlement is
• Understand some options to mitigate Settlement Risk

• Understand principle 36 (Compliance Risk):

• Understand what types of records are expected to be stored for future access
• Understand how record retention affects Compliance Risk

• Understand Principle 37 (KYC):

• Understand why Know-Your-Customer (KYC) is important
• Understand some processes and procedures applicable to measure KYC

• Understand Principle 38 (Governance and Controls):

• Understand why it is important to have adequate governance and controls to limit trading access
• Understand some acceptable forms of monitoring practices used in the FX Market

• Understand Principle 39 (Records of transactions):

• Understand how these records could be used post-conclusion of the transaction
• Understand what type of records need to be kept in relation to transactions

• Understand Principle 40 (Legal Risk):

• Understand how to deal with legal changes proposed during negotiation of deals
• Understand the difference between Applicable Law and standard terms and conditions

• Understand Principle 41 (Prime Broking):

• Understand what inclusions in Prime Broker's policies are important to smooth market operations
• Understand what types of risk management are expected from a Prime Broker
• Understand why real-time oversight is important for a Prime Broker

7. Confirmation and Settlement

At the end of this section, candidates should: Understand why post trade processes are important to the smooth, predictable and timely settlement of transactions:

• Understand Principle 42 (Operating practice consistency):

• Understand why it is important that there are overarching processes to ensure legal, operating, credit and conduct risks are all aligned

• Understand Principle 43 (Normal and peak conditions):

• Understand the basic expectations for end-to-end processing capacity in normal and peak market conditions
• Understand the need to ensure extreme changes can be responded to in a timely manner

• Understand Principle 44 (Transmission of trade data):

• Understand what straight-through transmission of trade data is
• Understand what measures to take in the case of a breakdown in the transmission

• Understand Principle 45 (Novations, amendments and cancellations):

• Understand the importance of reporting these trades
• Understand the importance of segregation of duties to facilitate these types of transactions

• Understand Principle 46 (Confirmation):

• Understand the risks associated with open-source communications and information security
• Understand what types of confirmation mechanisms are acceptable for transactions in the FXMarket
• Know how confirmations should be transmitted
• Understand the expectations to conduct efficient trading confirmation via bilaterally matched trades over electronic dealing systems

• Understand Principle 47 (Block transactions):

• Understand the processes to review and affirm block transactions
• Understand how to correctly allocate counterparties to block transactions

• Understand Principle 48 (Discrepancies):

• Understand how to identify discrepancies and deal with these as quickly as possible
• Understand when it is appropriate to escalate these discrepancies and the use of these records to evaluate operational risks

• Understand Principle 49 (Processes specific to each FX product):

• Understand the obligation of operations to establish policies that include procedures to deal with specific confirmation and settlement requirements across all FX products traded in their institution

• Understand Principle 50 (Settlement Risk):

• Understand bilateral netting arrangements that should be in place
• Understand the appropriate use of automated netting systems
• Understand why methods of quantifying FX Settlement Risk are important

• Understand Principle 51 (SSIs):

• Understand the responsibilities for entering, authenticating and maintaining SSIs
• Understand the meaning of Standard Settlement Instructions
• Understand how to set up and maintain SSI data
• Understand why and how alternate settlement instructions are used
• Understand how settlement is conducted in respect to SSI instructions

• Understand Principle 52 (Direct Payment):

• Understand the risk reduction brought by Direct Payments
• Understand why arrangements for Third-Party Payment need to be fully agreed and documented prior to trading
• Understand the importance of clearly formulated policies for the use of Third-Party Payment and their correspondent risk assessments

• Understand Principle 53 (Funding requirements):

• Understand the management of funding requirements expected over nostro accounts for each tenor
• Understand how time zones could affect efficient funding management of nostro accounts across global banks
• Understand why bilateral agreements needs to be in place for cancellations and amendments of trades

• Understand Principle 54 (Account reconciliation):

• Understand how to resolve disputes related to unreconciled trades.
• Understand the benefits of having automated nostro account reconciliations
• Understand the importance of timely reconciliations across expected and actual cash flows

• Understand Principle 55 (Settlement discrepancies and compensation claims):

• Understand why procedures are necessary to detect settlement discrepancies
• Understand why escalation policies are important to rectify and update Settlement Risk in the case of settlement discrepancies
• Understand why policies for compensation costs related to late payments need to be clearly and transparently communicated

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ACI FX Global Code Certificate Certification Path

The certification path of ACI FX Global Code Certificate Exam is fairly simple. There are no official prerequisites for this exam however prior knowledge of the exam contents can be very helpful. The certification path includes only this ACI FX Global Code Certificate Exam. The exam will have a validity of 1 year and can be renewned subsequently every year.

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